What phenomenon explains the apparent motion of the stars during the night?

The apparent motion of the stars during the night is primarily due to the Earth's rotation on its axis. As Earth rotates from west to east, observers on the surface see stars moving across the sky from east to west. This rotation takes approximately 24 hours to complete a full cycle, leading to the observation that stars appear to rise in the east and set in the west.

While the other phenomena listed may influence celestial bodies, they do not directly account for the daily motion of the stars in our night sky. The galaxy's motion pertains more to the movement of entire star systems rather than individual stars' perceived motion. The orbit of the planets affects their position in relation to the stars but does not create the night-to-night or hour-to-hour motion observed. The axial tilt of the Earth influences seasonal changes and the path of the sun across the sky, but it does not directly explain the observed daily movements of stars. Thus, the Earth's rotation clearly stands as the primary reason for the apparent motion observed.